Additionally, I am also interested in causation in biology. In particular, I investigated what biologists mean when they talk about causes. From a philosophical perspective, causation is often studied from a metaphysical perspective. In scientific practice, however, some causal claims and causal explanations seem to be at odds with how philosophers tend to think about causes. I have provided philosophical analysis of how scientists appeal to causes in their research programs in two of my papers. I have done so by providing an epistemic assessment of notions such as downward causation and reciprocal causation in evolutionary developmental explanations.